Reinforced concrete pipe



May 26, 1953 w. A. wHrrlNG 32,639,731

REINFORCED CONQR'ETE PIPE Filed July 11. 1949 2 vsheets-sheet 1 17 la 5/ y 6... IC7/7 fi f- Jz la f/ INVENTOR. Y A )Vm/4M ,4, WH/m/ May 26, 1953 w. A. -wHmNu '/zmxmr REINFORCED CONCRETE vPimm Filed July Il, 1949 .2 *SheetsShe'eA-t 2 Patentecl May 26, `1953 UNITED STATES PAT-ESN '1" GFI-ICE REINFORCED CONCRETE PIPE William A. Whiting, Long Beach, Calif., assigner to American Pipe and Construction Co., Los Angeles,- Calif., a corporation of Delawarel Application July 11, 1949, Serial No. 103,971v

.1 claim. (ol. 13s- 84) This application is a 'continuation-inpart or` 'my izo-pending application, Serial No. 707,668, entitled Reinforced Concrete Pipe and Method of Making lthe Same, led November *4, 1946, which has issued into Patent No. 2,602,469 dated July 8, 1952.

It is 'an object of the present invention to provid- 'a reinforced 'concrete pipe joint oi the general 'character described and claimed in my above-identified cci-pending application. y

it is a particular object of the present invention to provide a concrete pipe joint adapted to carry water under high pressure as, for example, in water mains of large cities andthe water supply system therefor, such joint being characteriz'ed by great strength, leak-proofness, and balan'ced 4stresses and strains.

These and other objects of the invention will be apparent from the ensuing description andthe appended claiins. v n

The invention is exemplified in the following description and 'illust-rated by way of example in th aconpayn'g drawings, which:

Fig. 1 is a view partly in longitudinal lsection and partly in side elevation or the bell and spigot ends of 'two adjoining pipe sections, illustrating one form or Ypipe joint lor thejinvention p Fig. 2 is a similar view or Aanother embodiment ofthe invention.

ment f the invention; and

Fig. l is a 'similar view of a 'fourth embodiment of the invention.

Referring to the drawings and more partcularly to Fig. 1, two identical pipe sections HJ are illustrated, the bell portion 'Il vof one section and the spigot portion l2 of the other section being shown. The body portion V3 of each `pipe section I'is formed of concrete and it is reinforced by longitudinal reinforcement rods M and by circurrff'erential reinforcement rods I5, which may be of any suitable exible construction such, for exarifple, as cable steel. As illustrated, the longitudinal reinforcement rods Ill are Aiixed at one end to a bell band IE. lie spigot end of the pipe section is formed with 'an annular recess i1 for receiving a sealing gasket lla.' as illustrated. i The bell band it is formed with a forward annular flange i8 and a rearward' annular flange likand itis 'also formed with a pipe end or po'rtion 2S and a `bell end or portion 26. The pipe end 25 diverges rearwardly and the bell end 26 diverges forwardly, as illustrated, thus providing a recess or depression 21 therebetween which is disposed in the same plane as the forward liange Fig. s is a similar view of still another embodiit. .A sui-table number of radial openings or pas'- sages 28 (of which only rone is shown) are .leitin the concrete body 'IB and the annular recess r2-1 donned by `the bell band Vis i'llled with a cement grout for the purpose'of draining off Water which accumulates in the recess 2'! after the pipe section has been fabricated and has thoroughly set. The openings 21 may be lled withany suitable plugs 235 such, for example, as neat cement.

A suitable method of fabricating the pipe sec vtions lo is that Set 'forth in my above-identil'ied co-pending application. Obviously, however, other methods of manufacture may be employed.

The sections lo are brought into'end-to-end relationship with the spigot end `of "one section inserted in the bell end'of an adjoining section, as illustrated, and a water tight joint Ais provided by means of inortarZ 9a and cement grout 29o.

Referring now toFig. 2, pipe sections 3i] are illustrated, each having-a bell endl 3l and a spigot end 32. The main body portion 33 of 'each pipe section is pre-cast of concrete, preferably by a centrifugal casting method lsuch as described in my eo-pending application. A lbell band 134' 'is provided for the bell end 3| and a lspigot band 35 is provided for the spigot end 32, Longitudinal reinforcement rods 3o are provided, "as in the pipe sections lo of Fig. 1, these 'rods being tied at their ends to the bell band 34 `'and 'the spigot band '35, The pre-cast body lportion 33, after it has set suineiently to withstand compression, is wrapped with steel 'rods El to provide 'circumferential rein-- forcement and thereafter a mortar coating 38 'is cast about the ,pre-cast wrapped section '30". Both 'the longitudinal rods y36 and the circumferential rods 31 are tensoned.

The bell band '3E is provided with a forward annular flange 39 and with a rearward annular flange 'llVand with a plpeend 45 and abellend do, 'which define an annular recess 41. The ,pipe end 45 ofthe bell band lis formed with -ai'lat cylindrical .surface d8. Thebell -endfof the bell band diverges generally forwardly, as illustrated, to provide a frusto-conical surface '89.

The spigot band 35 .is formed with aforward annulaiiiange 55 and with a rearward annular flange 5o, and v.it is also formed with a forward annular `shoulder V5'! and a rearward annular shoulder o8 dening an annular recess -59 for receiving fa :sealing gasket 'Gib which ,seals against the truste-conical surface 4S formed on the bell band. As illustrated, adjoining pipe sections 30 are brought into end-to-end axial alignment, and mortar 62 and cement grout 63 provide a. cementing and sealing medium for cementing and sealing the ends.

Referring now to Fig. 3 a structure generally similar to that of Fig. 2 is illustrated in which similar parts are similarly numbered. The structure of Fig. 3 is better adapted to high pressure usage. The pipe end l5 of the bell band 34 is provided with an annular flange 64 intermediate the forward flange 39 and rearward flange 40 and the spigot band 35 is provided with an annular recess B5 intermediate the forward flange 55 and rearward flange 56. As is also illustrated, the circumferential reinforcement members 31a are flat rods. The body portion 33 of each pipe section is pre-cast and, after it has set suficiently, the circumferential reinforcement members 31a, a mortar coating 38 and a mortar and cement grout joint 62, S3 are provided -a's'described above with reference to Fig. 2. Y

The flat circumferential reinforcement rods .31av are advantageous in that they have a plane ,contact rather than a line contact with the precast portion of the pipe. Thus, they do not bite vinto the pre-cast portion to the same degree as round rods having a line contact and are therefore less likely to lose their pre-tension.

Referring now to Fig. 4, there is illustrated still another embodiment of the invention. In this embodiment, each pipe section 1G is of cylindrical section from end to end, that is to say, it is not lformed with a flaring bell portion at one end. Instead, identical spigot bands 'H yare provided at V,each end of the pre-cast concrete body 12, and each spigot band 1l is formed with a forward ange 13, a rearward flange 141 and an annular recess intermediate the flanges 13 and 14. Each spigot band 1| is also formed on its louter surface with an annular forward shoulder 16 and an annular, rearward shoulder 11 dening an annular recess 18 for reception of a gasket 19. Circumferential reinforcement members 80 yare provided, as illustrated. As is also illustrated, longitudinal reinforcement rods 8| are provided, being tied at their ends of the flanges 13 of `the spigot bands 1l.

After the pre-cast body portion 12 has set sufiiciently, it is wrapped with the reinforcement members 89 and an annular bell band 85 is vplaced over one of the spigot bands i. e., over the left hand spigot band as viewed in Fig. 4. As illustrated, the bell band 85 is formed with a central, cylindrical section 86 and with upwardly, rearwardly slanting end portions 81. A fmortar coating 88 is then cast about the pipe section 10 and bell band 85 and is allowed to set, after which the sections brought into end-toend, axial alignment and a suitable mortar 89 and cement grout 90 are provided at the joint, as illustrated.

Among particular advantages of the concrete pipe joints thus described and illustrated, may be mentioned the following: The outer flanges in the bell bands (i. e., the flanges I8, 39 and 13) being tied to the longitudinal reinforcement rods, serve to direct plastic flow of the concrete up behind the flanges. The various inner flanges (I9, 40, etc.) and the intermediate flange 64 of Fig. 3, likewise the annular recesses 65 and 15 of Figs. 3 and 4, serve to confine and/or direct the plastic flow of concrete. Thus a conning action and a balancing of stresses and pressures is achieved. In Fig. 3, the pipe end of the bell crete pipe joint are provided which ensure high strength, resistance to strains and stresses encountered owing to high water pressures and incident to laying and covering of the pipe sections. It is' further apparent `that several embodiments of the invention are provided, each having special advantages such, as simplicity of j design and manufacture or maximum strength and the ability to carry water at high pressure.

While I have shown the preferred form of my invention, it is to be understood that various changes may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention as defined in the appended claim.

Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

A pipe structure comprising a pre-cast tubular cementitious body having a bell end and a spigot end, longitudinal reinforcement rods under tension embedded in the body, a bell band having a radially and inwardly extending flange, a longitudinally and circumferentially extending flange and an outwardly extending bell portion lining the bell, said reinforcement rods being secured to the radially and inwardly extending flange of the bell band, said longitudinally and circumferentially extending flange beingof a thin compressible structure and having a radially and inwardly extending flange at its terminal, a spigot band having a forward shoulder, a rearward shoulder and a recess formed intermediate said shoulders, said recess adapted to receive a sealing gasket, a radially and inwardly extending flange formed at the forward shoulder of said spigot band and secured to the longitudinal reinforcementrods, a longitudinally and circumferentially extending flange formed at the rearward shoulder of said spigot'band, said flange being of a thin compressible structure and having a radially and inwardly extending flange formed at its terminal, circumferential reinforcement cables under tension spaced axially along said body to include each longitudinal and cricumferential ange of the bell and spigot band, thereby compressing said flanges into the body so as to form a liquid tight seal therewit'lmand a circumferential coating of cementitious material embedding said circumferential cables and coating the body.

WILLIAM A. WHITING. I

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number i Name Date 1,529,495 Mitchell Mar. 10, 1925 2,234,643 Grant Mar. 11, 1941 2,265,328 Trickey Dec. 9, 1941 2,325,469 Boissou July 27, 1943 2,416,618 Ferla Feb. 25, 1947 

